Pulp treating machine



June 27, 1933.

C. W. MORDEN PUIJ-r TREATING MACHINE Filed April 1, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet1 June 27, 1933. C; w. MQRDEN 1,915,862

IULP TREATING MACHINE Filed April '1. 1930 4 Sheets-Sheecr 2 gin/vanto@aucun-q June 27, 1933. c, w MoRDEN PULP TREATING MACHINE Filed April 1,1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 June 27, 1933. c. w. MORDEN 1,915,862

PULP TREATING MACHINE Filed April l, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 3&1# A 57%@ lPatented June 27,

, and a stationary out, separate and quired for each by the beater rolland bed plate,

" is in part controlled.

-tinuous, the only control of the pul canarias w. nonnina, vor'-roa'rmnn COMPANY, OF PORTLAND, OREGON',

PATENT foFFlcl-z' oamoN, Assmann 'roI Ironman Marum A. CORPORATION OIOREGON PULP '.mm'rnra mamma Application led April 1,

In the manufacture of paper stock from ulp, two machinesare ordinarilyused, one the beater and the other the Jordan,

both being machines well known to those familiar with the art of papermanufacture.

In the beater, the pulp is treated in large batches, each batch beingrecirculated in the beater tub, during its treatment, by the ro tationof the beater roll and caused to pass once each circulation between thebeater 'roll bed plate which acts to rub promote thehydration of the pulfibres.

The Ibeater does not circulate the pulp uniformly'during its treatmentand the machine itself is large and occupies considerable floor space.Further, Isince the pulp is only acted upon once during each circulationa large number of circulations of the mass of pulp is reportion of it toreceive the requisite treatment. This greatly prolongs the beatingperiod and requires an excess of power which is practically wasted incirculating the mass of pulp around the tub.

' In the Jordan, which also occupies a relatively -large floor space,since its plane of operation is horizontal, the pulp is passedcontinuously through the machine and is thereby given a supplementarytreatment just before going to the paper machine and after having beentreated in the beater,

whereby the way in which the pulp will form into a sheet of paper on thepaper machine Since the operation ofi-the Jordan is conis by theadjustment of the attritioning e ements rejected portions are su ltreatment in machines called reners, the

'primary function of size of the pulp particles suiiciently to passl tooperate more or' less severely on as it passes through the machine. A YIn the preparation of the pulp, prior to its treatment in the beaterandJordan, as above described, the pulp 'is screened and the bjected tofurther the pulp which is to reduce the through the screens. Insuchrefining opera'-V tions, itiscustomary to thicken the pulp in machinesknown as thlckeners before it goes feeding and discharge the same issn.serial it. 440,732.

to thevrefiners, and-after the pulp leaves the l refiners it isnecessary that it be again screened.

. The ob'ect of 'my invention is to provide an improve pulp treatinmachine so constructedv as to occupyv ut relatively little floor spaceand adapted tofunction either as a beater o'r Jordan, 'or as a combinedbeater and Jordan. Such machine having 'theadvantages of both .beaterand Jordan in that the desirable recirculation of 'ulpfof the beater iscombined with the e cient attritioning action of the Jordan, and at thesame time the undesirable features of these machines are eliminated inthat a Controlled recirculation under4 pressure is provided whereby theulp is more eiiiciently treated and hydrate without consuming an excessof power ordinarilywasted in the recirculation of the pulp.

the same,y the wallsl cfsaid annular passage` way being relativelyarranged to induce sabstantially uniform travel of all particlescomposing theV material passing through said vpassagewa and havingchambers communieating wit said annular passageway at the `intake anddischarge ends of the attritioning element, said, chambers beingprovided, respectively, with vthe inlet and the outletv lforl thematerial andautomatie means for discharging successive batches ofmaterial tov and Afrom the machine,\such means adapted to hold the batchin the machine for a, predetermined interval and to by displacement dueto the feeding of a further bach of material a the machine. J

A further object of my invention 1s to provide such a machine which isadapted by a slight change, to continuously refine pulp screenings asrejected by pul screens, sald machine being adapted to thic en thescreenings prior to the refining treatment and to screen the same afterthe renin treatment.

A. further incidental object o? my invention is to provide a machineadapted for operating upon wood chips or othenbre bearing material, toproduce pulp suitable for the manufacture of wall board and the like, bymerely substituting for one type'of attritioning element provided in themachme another type, thereby to adapt the attritioning elements tohandle relatively large units of raw material.

rlhese and other incidental objects of my invention, the details ofconstruction and mode of operation thereof are hereinafter fullydescribed with reference to the accompanying drawings: In the drawings:

Fig. 1 shows a central, vertical section taken through my pulp treatingmachine and illustrates how the pulp is recirculated and the automaticbatch delivery means;

Fig. 2 shows a side elevation of my machine provided with electricallycontrolled batch delivery means;

Fig. 3 shows in a vertical section another form of my machine landillustrates the recirculation of the pulp therein and the particularform of attritioning elements rovided;

Fig. 4 shows a side elevation o my machine as illustrated in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 shows a section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4 and illustratesthe relative arrangement of the annular inlet passageway' Fig. 6 shows asection taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 3, and illustrates the relativearrangement of the impeller blades and screen; and

Fig. 7 shows a section taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 3 and illustratesfurther details of the particular form of attritioning elementsprovided.

Referring now to Fig. l1: l have shown my improved pulp treating machineadapted to function on the pulp in batches either as a beater or Jordan,or as a combined beater and Jordan, the use to which it is put dependingentirely upon the class of pulp to be operated upon and the resultsdesired. The latter to vbe obtained bythe adjustment of the attritioningelement and the length of the period of treatment.

The machine comprises a base a supporting an upright cylindrical housingZa having on its top a verticall arranged motor c. The housing b isprovi ed with an inlet d connected with a source of pulp which will beagain referred to. a

Within the housing b below the inlet d 1s provided a vertically movableannular shell b', having downwardly converging sides and provided with alongitudinal annular passageway il. within its walls. The exterior ofthe shell b' adjacent the housing b is provided with adjustable packingland j to form a fluid tight seal therewit An outlet e is provided 1nthe lower part of the shell b to which is connected an upwardlyextending conduit f, discharging into a larger open conduit g. By thesemeans a head of pressure i's maintained within the machine.

To control such head of pressure, I provide a relief valve p preferablyof the ball type at the upper end of the conduit f and anoutwardlyopenin check valve o provided with a counter weig t o in theoutlet e to prevent the circulation of pulp into and out of the saidoutlet, as hereinafter further described.

A shaft 2 is connected to the lower end of the motor shaft c. The upperend of the said motor shaft c is journaled in a thrust bearing 3 so thatthe is entirely supported is j ournaled at its lower end in the bottomof the shell b in suitable bearings lo preferably of the cutless rubber,water lubricated type.

A frusto-conical plug or rotor 4 is provided on the shaft 2, locatedwithin the frustro-conical chamber formed by the shell b', the opposedsurfaces of said plug and shell being provided with suitable bar orabrasive attritioning surfaces 1 familiar to those skilled in the art.The larger end of said rotor 4 is located adjacent the inlet al of themachine.

- These means constitute the attritioning elements of my machine and arerelatively adjustable to and from each other by means of a worm and gearm carried by the base a on bearings m2 and meshing with threads mfprovided in the exterior of the lower part of the shell h', whereby theshell b may be moved to or from the said plug or rotor 4.

Radial impeller blades 10 are bolted to the top of the plug or rotor 4and the inlet al is connected therewith through a passageway ll, formedwithin the housing b.

The radial impeller blades serve to throw the pulp entering through thepassageway 11 in an annular ring into the passageway h, and also tend toserve as a seal and as means for maintaining pressure within the machineduring the treatment of the pulp.

rlhe inlet d is connected with the bottom of an open vat 20, into whichpulp is supplied from a pipe 21, leading from the source of supply andarranged to discharge onto a selfemptying hopper 22, which is pivotallymounted on a horizontal shaft 23, and comprises two similar bins 24, 25located on each side its pivotal axis.

weight of the shaft 2 thereby. The shaft 2 v 26a on the end. Spacedstops 27 are provi ed on the upper rim of the vat which limit thevpossible arcuate movement of the' arm 26 and hence that of the hopper 22in such ar manner that as one bin becomes filled, it will cause thehopper to tip and discharge the filled bin', by its weight, into the vatat the same time bringing the bin 24 under the pipe 21, whichwill thenbe filled and similarly emptied.

By this construction, the pulp may be automatically fed into my machinein batches, the interval at which each batch is supplied beingcontrolled by the rate of flow from the pipe 2l, for this purpose avalve 21a is provided.

In the operation of my machine, as above described, with reference toFig. l, the pulp flowing from the pipe 21 fills the bin 25 of the hopper22, until it overcomes the counter weight 28a and tips, emptying thepulp into the vat 20.

Then, assuming this to be the first batch of pulp introduced into themachine, the pulp flowing into the inlet d from the vat will be pickedup by the revolving impeller blades l0, and be thrown against the wallsof the housing b and pass downward through the annular passageway L intoa chamber b2' formed in the bottom of the shell b.

At this time the check valve o will remain closed, since the pressure ofthe pulp will be insuilicient to open it, and the pulp will be drawnupward betweenthe attritioning elements by the centrifugal force of therotating plug 4, which creates a pumping action and the pulp is thereacted upon continuously and at all points on the peripheries of theshell and plug until it is discharged at the top of the plug and againpasses downward through the passageway h. Thus the pulp may berecirculated and passed be.

tween the attritioning elements 1 as many times as desirable to producea given grade of pulp.

Therefore, in my machine the p-ulp will be acted upon by theattritioning elements during approximately `half of each circulation,and practically no excess power will be required for the mererecirculation of the pulp since itwill tend to flow byfgravity throughthe passageway t for the completion of each circulation. v

Further since the pulp will be attritioned and recirculated underpressure through the passageway 7L, which is arranged to inducesubstantially uniform travel of the pulp particles, the uniformhydration of the same will be promoted and the degree of attritioningdesired may be attained'by the adjustment of the shell bjrelatively tothe plug 4 to provide more or less severe attritioning action.

I will now describe the further operation of my machine in which eachsuccessive batch of pulp is automatically displaced as follows When thebin 24 of the lhopper 22 has f filled and emptied the new batch of pulpentering the inlet d and acted upon by impeller 10, is delivered in anannular mass 1nto the passageway It and displaces the pulp therein andforces it into the chamber b2 where the increase of ressure will openthe checlevalve o and relief valve'p, and the displaced pulp will beforced by the pressure of the new batch of pulp out of the machine andinto the conduit g.

Thus it is apparent that my machine combines the desirable recirculationof the pulp, as in the beater, and the efficient attrition'mg action ofthe Jordan and at the same time. provides a controlled recirculationunder pressure accomplished without consuming excess of power inrecirculating the pulp.

However, this form of my machine may be adapted for continuous operationby merely reversing the direction of flow of the material into and outof'the machine, in which case the relief valve p, the check valve o, andthe batch feeding means will of course be removed, so that the materialentering the machine at e will be drawn up between the plug 4 and theshell bby the pumping action of the rotating plug, and depending on therelative rate of introduction of the ma teria-l at e to the pumpingaction of the plug, a greater or less amount will be recirculatedthrough the passageway L and there will be a steady delivery of pulp outof the machine at 11.

Further, it may be desirable for some classes of work to utilize I nymachine as a straight Jordan, in which case the annular passageway hwill be closed by a suitable closure plate at its lower end, so that thematerial will then pass between the plug and shell and directly out ofthe machine at 11.

In Fig. 2, I show another means for automatically feeding batches ofApulp into my machine at predetermined intervals, which provides asomewhat more positive action.

My machine is illustrated diagrammatically at 30. Its inlet 3l isconnected through a pipe 32 with an open vat 33 provided with transversepartitions 33a, 337), the parti( ion 33a is provided with an opening atthe bot- .tom controlledv by a gate 34 and the partition 336 does notextend upwardly to the rim of the vat. The space between the partitions33a, 336 is connected at the bottom with a source of pulp as at 35, andthe space between the partition 336 and the end of the vat is providedwith an outlet 36 connected with the source of pulp. By thisconstruction pulp under constant head is provided at the gate 34 sincepulp entering from the inlet 35 will overflow the partition 335 and outvthrough the outlet 36 continuously.

A float 38 is provided in the vat operatively connected as at 38a with atwo way switch 3S), which controlsl electric circuits 40, 41,

leading to a reversible motor 42 and connected to a source of power 43.

The moi or 42 is connected through a worm and pinion gear 42a with avalve 44 in the outlet of my machine. The valve stem 44a is alsooperatively connected as at 445 with a two way switch 46 also in thesaid circuits 40, 41.

By these means, when the pulp in the vat reaches the level shown in thefigure, the switch 39 will assume the position there shown, which willclose the circuit 40, the switch 46 at thisv time also being positionedto close the said circuit 40 and actuate thev motor 42 to open the valve44 and permit the batch of pulp therein to discharge, as bel'oredescribed with reference to Fig. vl. "hcn the valve 44 is `fully openedthe switch 46 will break the circuit 40 and stop the motor at the sametime closing the circuit 4l so that when the vat has emptied, the float38 will fall to its lowermost position and cause the switch 39 to alsoclose the circuit 41 and actuate the motor 42 in the reverse directionto close the valve 44.

Referring now to Figs. 3 to 7, inclusive: l show a complete form of mypulp treating machine, adapted either for the refining of the pulprejected from pulp screen or for batch operation in the treating of pulpas previously described. This form is similar in iis essential featuresto the machines before described and comprises:

A base 5() supporting a housing 51, which in turn supports a 'motor 52.The motor shaft 52a is supported at the top by a thrust bearing 53 andhas a shaft 54 connected to its lower end on which a rotor is mountedcarrying atritioning means, hereinafter fur` ther described. The lowerend of the shaft 54 is journaled as at 55a in a longitudinally movableshell 56 mounted within the housing which is adjustable relatively tothe rotor 55 by a worm and gear 57, as before described wi-h referenceto Fig. 1.

A longitudinal annular passageway 59 is provided within the wall of thesaid shell 56 terminating in the bottom in chamber 59a. The inner faceof the shell, adjacent the rotor 55 is provided with a suitableattritioning lining 56a.

An inlet 60 is provided in the housing 5l.

and secondary radial impeller blades 63, 64 carried by the said shaft54. The blades 63 64 are integral, but perform different functions, theblades 63 are of greater length and positioned just below the dischar eend of the passageway 60a; and the bla es 64 extendmg below are inclosedby an integral, cylindrical wall 65. The exterior of the wall 65 isprovided with supplementary radial blades 66 in the same cylindricalplane as the primary blades 63, but relatively arranged so as to liebetween the vertical planes of the said primary blades.

The shell 56 is provided with a stationary, upwardly converging wallportion 67, secured thereon on the upper rim of the inner wall of theannular passageway 59 and forms in part with the impeller wall 65, inwhich the wall portion 67 is slidably journaled annular passageways 68,69 on each side. The passageways 68, 69, respectively, lead to thepassageway 59 in the shell 56 and from above the rotor 55 to the saidsecondary blades 64.

ln operation this form of my machine performs the function of thickeningthe rejected pulp as it"comes from the screens lto a suitableconsistency for being further relined, of refining the pulp and finallyscreening it again, and thus takes the place of the several machines nowrequired for this purpose.

The operation is as follows: Pulp flowing continuously into the inlet 60is received on the primary impeller blades 63 and the supplementaryblades 66 and is thrown against the screen 62. The pulp, being too largeto pass through the screen 62, is held in the machine, but a port-ion.lof the water however does pass through the screen 62 and out through theoutlet 61a, and thus the pulp is thickened. The thickened pulp thenpasses downward through the passageway 68 into the annular passageway 59around the shell and into the chamber 59a from where it is drawn upwardby the centrifugal action of the rotor 55 and the pumping action of thesecondary impeller blades 64 between the rotor 55 and the lining of theshell; and is there acted upon to reduce its size and to be otherwiserefined. The pulp then discharged from between the rotor 55 and theshell at the top and passes through the passagcway 69 to the secondaryand primary impeller blades and is there mixed with and diluted by theincoming dilute pulp and is then again thrown against the screen 62 andthe portion which has been sutliciently re-l duced in size will passtherethrough, with the water separated from the incoming pulp and therejected portion will again be circulated and acted upon bytheattritioning elements until it is sufficiently refined and reduced insize to pass the screen.

Further, in this modification of my machine, the attritioning meanscarried by the llo' . Leidse:

the shape of the frusto-conical chamber formed by the shell 56.- Betweenthe plates 80 are pivotally mounted on rods 8l, a series Y of elongatehammers 82 also of graduated lengths to conform with the shape of thefrusto-conical chamber. The said hammers 82 are of such length as toextend beyond the peripheries of the plates 80, and when in radialalinement with the shaft 54 to almost touch the lining of the shell 56,depending on the relative longitudinal, adjustment of the said shell. A

By this construction, as the relatively coarse ieces of wood or the likeare drawn upward) from the chamber 59a, the hammers may yield, but dueto the centrifugal force of their rotation will tend to remain in radialalinement and thus with the shell lining will act upon the chips tobreak down their physical structure and reduce them to pulp, usable forthe manufacture of wall board and the like. l

For this work a relatively coarser screen will bev 'provided than thescreen 62 provided for the refining of screenings.

Further, this machine, either with the attritioning means 80, 82 heredescribed, or the plug 4, may be adapted for the refining of pulp asdescribed with reference to Fig. 1, by substituting a solid plate forthe screen 62 and opening the outlet 85 in the chamber 59a. It wouldthen be preferable to supply the pulp in batches by such means as areillustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.

Whereas the machine and method herein described have been described asrelating to the treating of pulp, it is obvious that they are applicableto other materials than pulp such as materials now treated in colloidmills for example.

I claim:

1. In a machine of the. character described, an attritioning elementcomprising, a conical shell and. a rotor relatively adjustable, therotor provided with a series of radial pivoted hammers of graduatedlength adapted to cooperatewith the conical shell to attrition thematerial passing therethrough, an annular passageway encompassing theshell and connecting the intake and discharge ends of said attritioningelement, an inlet and outlet for the material communicating with saidannu-v lar passageway and automatic means for feeding and dischargingsuccessive batches of material to and from the machine, such meansadapted to hold the batch'in the machine for a predetermined intervaland to discharge the same lhy displacement d ueto the feeding of aAfurther batch of Vmaterial to the machine. 1 Y

-2'. A. pulp treating machine comprlsm'g, an

' upright housing, a vertically arranged motor supported on saidhousing, an attritionin element consisting of a conicalshell vertica lyadjustable in said housing, a rotor carried by the motor shaft andlocated within the shell, and cooperating attritioning means carried bythe rotor and the shell, respectively, an annular. passagewayencompassing `the shell and connecting the intake and discharge ends ofsaid attritioning element,a chamber provided with an inlet port for thepulp, hav ing perforated walls constituting a screen element, thechamber communicating respectively with said annular passageway and thedischarge end of saidattritioning element. the exterior of said chambercommunicating with an outlet port for the pulp and an impeller elementin said chamber comprising primary and secondary blades, the primaryblades located adjacent the inlet port and the secondary blades.adjacent the discharge end of the attritoning element. c

3. A pulp treating machine comprising,l

an upright housing, a vertically arranged motor supported on saidhousing, an attritioning element consisting of a conical shellvertically adjustable in said housing, a rotor carried by the motorshaft and located with` in the shell, and cooperating yattritioningmeans carried by the rotor and the shell, respectively, the attritioningmeans of the rotor consisting of a series of radial pivoted hammers ofgraduated lengths relatively to the cross sectional area of the shell,adapted to cooperate with the attritioning means of the conical shell,an annular passageway encompassing the shell and connecting the intakeand discharge ends of said attritioning element, a chamber provided withan inlet port for the pulp, having` perforated walls constituting ascreen element, the chamber communicating respectively with said annularpassageway and the discharge end of said attritioning element., theexterior of said chamber communicating with an outlet port for the pulp,and an impeller element in said chamber comprising primary and secondaryblades, the primary blades located -ad'acent the inlet port and thesecondary bla es adjacent the discharge end of the attritioning element.

4. In a machine of the character described,-

an attritioning element comprising two relatively rotatable members,said attriti oning element having peripherally disposed inlet andoutlet, a peripherally disposed passageway encompassing saidattritioning element connecting the said inlet and outlet thereof, meanscausing the repeated circulation of material vwithin the machine, saidmachine provided with a screen element in said passageway.y adapted toretain in the machine that portion of the material not suiicientlytreated and permit the rest of the material to escape.

5. In a machine of the character described, an attritioning elementcomprising a shell and a rotor, said attritioning element having aperipherally disposed inlet and outlet, a peripherally disposedpassageway encompassing said attritioning element and c'onnecting thesaid inlet and outlet thereof, the cross section of said passageway andthe arrangement thereof relatively to said inlet and outlet beingadapted to cause all particles of material passing from the outlet ofsaid attritioning element to travel a substantially equal distance inreturn thereof to the inlet of the attritioning element, an inlet andoutlet for the machine communicating with said passageway, an impellerjournaled at the intake end of the machine for imposing a pressuregreater than atmospheric upon the material in the machine.

6. In a machine of the character'described, an attritioning elementcomprising a shell and a rotor, said attritioning element having aperipherally disposed inlet and outlet, a peripherally disposedpassageway encompassing sa'id attritioning element,I and connecting thesaid inlet and outlet thereof, the cross section of said passageway andthe arrangement theneof relatively to said inlet and outlet beingadapted to cause all particles of material passing from the outlet ofsaid attritioning element to travel a substantially equal distance inreturn thereof to the inlet of the attritioning element, an inlet andoutlet for the machine communicating with said passageway, animpellerjournaled at the intake end of the machine, a screen elementlocated between said impeller and the outlet of said machine adapted toretain in the machine that portion of the material not sufficientlytreated and to permit the rest of the material to escape.

7. In a machine of the character described, an attritioning elementcomprising a conical shell and a, rotor, said attritioning elementhaving a peripheraly disposed inlet and outlet, a peripherally disposedpassageway encompassing said attritioning element and connecting thesaid inlet and outlet thereof, the cross section of said passageway andthe arrangement thereof relatively to said inlet and outlet beingadapted to causeall particles of material passing from the outlet ofsaid attritioning element to travel a substantially equal distance inreturn thereof to the inlet of the attritioning element, an inlet andoutlet for the machine communicating with said passageway, automaticmeans for feeding and discharging successive batches of material to andfrom the machine, such means adapted to hold the batch in the machinefor a predetermined interval and to then discharge the same bydisplacement due to the feeding of a further batchv of material to themachine.

8. In a machine of the character described an attritioning elementcomprising a conicai shell and a rotor, said attrltioning element havinga peripherally disposed inlet and outlet, a peripherally disposedpassageway encompassing said attritioning element' and connecting thesaid inlet and outlet thereof, the rotor provided with a series ofradial pivoted hammers of graduated lengths adapted to cooperate withthe attritioning lining of the shell to attrition the material passingtherethrough, the cross section of said passageway and the arrangementthereof relatlvely to said inlet and outlet being adapted to cause allparticles of material passing from the outlet of said attritioningelement to travel a substantially equal distance in return thereof tothe-inlet 'of the attritionin element, a screen element located betweensald impeller and the outlet of said machine adapted to retain in themachine that portion of the material not suiiiciently treated and topermit the rest of the material to escape.

9. In a, machine of the character described, an, attritioriing elementcomprising two relatively rotatable members, said attritioning elementhaving a peripherally disposed inlet and outlet, a peripherally disposedpassageway encompassing said attritioning element and connecting thesaid inlet and outlet thereof, the cross section of said passageway andthe arrangement thereof .relatively to said inlet and outlet beingadapted to cause all particles of material passing from the outlet ofsaid attritioning element to travel a substantially equal distance inreturn thereof to the inlet of the attritioning element, an inlet andoutlet for the machine communicating with said passageway, an impellerjournaled at the intake end of the machine for -`imposing a pressuregreater than atmospheric upon the material in the machine.

10. In a machine of the character described, an attritioning elementcomprising two relatively rotatable members, said attritioning elementhaving a peripherally disposed inlet and outlet', a peripherallydisposed passageway encompassing said attribetween said impeller and theoutlet of said to the feeding machine adapted to retain in the machinethat portion of the material not sufficiently treated rposed inlet andoutlet, a peripherally disposed passageway encompassing saidattritioning element and connecting the said inlet and outlet thereof,the cross section of said passageway and the arrangement thereofrelatively to said inlet and outlet being adapted to cause all particlesof material passing from the outlet of said attritioning element totravel a substantially equal distance in return thereof to the inlet ofthe attritioning element, automatic means for feeding and dischargingsuccessive batches of material to and from the machine, such meansadapted to hold the batch in the machine for a predetermined. intervaland to then discharge the same by displacement due of a further batch ofmaterial to the machine.

12. In amachine of the character described,

, an attritioning element comprising two relatively rotatable members,said attritioning element having a peripherally disposed in- 'let andoutlet, a peripherally disposed passageway encompassing saidattritioning element and connecting the said inlet and outlet thereof,the cross section of said passageway and the arrangement thereofrelatively to said inlet and outlet being adapted to cause all particlesof material passing from the outlet of said attritioning element totravel a substantially equal distance in return thereof to the inlet ofthe attritioning element, an inlet and outlet for the machinecommunicating with said passageway, a supply tank connected with thesaid inlet of the machine, a valve in the said outlet of the machine,means operatively connected with said valve adapted to be actuated by apredeter mined high level of the material, in said tank to open saidvalve and to be actuated by a predetermined low level of the material toclose said valve.

13. In a machine of the character described an attritioning elementcomprising a conical shell and rotor, the rotor provided with a seriesof radial Ipi'voted hammers of graduated lengths adapted to cooperatewith the attritioning lining of the conical shell to attrition thematerial passing therethrough, the rotor and shell being relatively andaxially adjustable one to the other, whereby the rotor and shell may b'ebrought more closely together or spaced further apart to regulate theattritioning action of the said hammers-on the material.

14. In a machine of the character described,

an attritioning element comprising two relatively rotatable conicalmembers, an inlet to v themachine arranged concentric with the axis ofrotation of the attritioning element and a feeding and recirculationpassageway peripherally encompassing said attritioning element,connecting the inlet and outlet thereof and communicating with saidinlet and the o utlet of the machine, said passageway providing .aconfining stock feeding circuit adapted to restrain short-circuiting inthe fiow oi stock thru it.

A15. In a machine of the character described, an attritioning elementcomprising two relatively rotatable conical members, an inlet to themachine arranged concentric with the axis of rotation of theattritioning element, a feeding and recirculation lpassagewayperipherally encompassing said attritioning element, connecting theinlet and outlet thereof, said passageway providing a confining stockfeeding circuitadapted to restrain short-circuiting in the flow of stockthru it, the receiving end of said passageway communieating with theinlet of the machine and its opposite end withy the outlet thereof.

16. In a machine of the character described, an attritioning elementcomprising two relatively rotatable conical members, an inlet to themachine arr' nged concentric with the axis of rotation of theattritioning element, a feeding and recirculation passagewayperipherally encompassing said attritioning element, connecting theinlet and outlet thereof, said passageway providing a confin'fngstock-feeding circuit adapted to restrain short-circuiting in the flowof stock thru it, the receiving end of said passageway communicatingwith the inlet of the machine and its opposite end with the outletthereof, and an impeller mounted above the said attritioning element inthe inlet of the machine.

17. In a machine of the character described, an attritioning elementcomprising two relatively rotatable conical members, the larger endlocated adjacent the inlet of the machine, said inlet arrangedconcentric with the axis of rotation of the attritioning element. afeeding and recirculation passageway peripherally encompassing saidattritioning element, connecting the inlet and outlet thereof, saidpassageway having a restricted conduit-like cross sectional areaproviding a confining stock feeding circuit adapted to restrain shortcircuiting in the flow of the stock, thru it, the receiving end of saidpassageway communicating with the inlet of the machine and. its oppositeend with the outlet thereof. l

18. In the art of attritioning pulp and the like, the improved methodwhich consists, in subjecting the pulp to repeated circulating andattritioning cycles and introducing measured units of untreated materialat intervals Laiaeea into said cycle, whereby to displace from saidcycle units of treated material with units of untreated material.

19. In the art of attritioning pulp and the like the improved methodwhich consists, in subjecting the pulp to repeated circulating andattritioning cycles under pressure greater than atmospheric andintroducing under induced pressure measured units of untreated materialat intervals into said cycle whereby to displace from said cycle unitsof treated material with units of untreated material.

20. In the art of attritioning pulp and the like2 the improved methodwhich consists, in subJecting the pulp to repeated circulating andattritioning cycles under pressure greater than atmospheric andintroducing under pressure measured units of untreated material at timedintervals into said cycle, whereby to displace from said cycle units oftreated material with units of untreated material.

CHARLES W. MORDEN.

